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Archive for the ‘tomato yellow leaf curl virus’ Category

New tomato varieties in the fight against ToBRFV

Posted in Host plant resistance, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV, Viruses on March 18, 2021| Leave a Comment »

New tomato varieties in the fight against ToBRFV

The Italian company TomaTech is making great progress in the fight against ToBRFV. Starting next season, commercial varieties with intermediate resistance will be available. These include date tomatoes, midi plum and a number of colored varieties, both loose and on the vine.

This variety renewal starts with the date variety Dormaplum, which is described by TomaTech as the perfect tomato. It is very sweet, with a bright color and a uniform size, a weight of 16 grams and a Brix degree between 9 and 10. The balance between sweetness, acidity and structure is excellent.

The plant has an extraordinary high yield, suitable for long cycles and ideal for unheated greenhouses. TomaTech recommends grafting with two buds, and can be transplanted between the end of August and October.

The tomatoes have a long shelf life and are resistant to ToMV, Ff, TYLCV, ToBRFV. For those interested, seeds are available for trials.

Dormaplum, moreover, is a variety launched in southern Europe in 2020 which, despite numerous difficulties and limitations due to Covid-19, is proving to be an exceptional agronomic and commercial success.

For those who are instead looking for larger fruits, TomaTech offers cluster plums – still in the research phase – which seem very promising and are already available for long cycles with transplanting in August/October in Sicily and springtime in Lazio and Campania. Here too, free samples are available on request. To complete the current ToBRFV resistant/tolerant variety range there are three coloured specialities: ‘Tomelody’, ‘Cantando’ and ‘Tiny Tom Orange’.

Tomelody stands out for its sweetness, a tasty lemon-colored date variety with a distinctive shape and rich flavor. Perfect as a snack, light and healthy. High yield with more than 25 fruits per cluster of 15-17 grams each. The plant is resistant to Fol:0, ToMV, ToBRFV and is extremely versatile and suitable for all seasons.

Cantando is an orange date tomato with a high palatability, a Brix value between 8 and 10 and a smooth texture. The plant is very generative, well balanced with short internodes and resistant against Vd, Fol:0.1, ToMV, Mj, ToBRFV. The variety is suitable for transplanting between September and October.

Tiny Tom Orange is a sweet, fruity and aromatic orange date tomato. They weigh only 12 grams and have a Brix value ranging from 9 to 10. The variety is resistant to Vd, Fol:0.1, ToMV, Mj and ToBRFV.

 “At TomaTech, we are aware that the fight against ToBRFV is far from over, but we are confident in the work done. We are now able to launch these promising varieties and more will follow. So far, we have a valuable tool to contain this disease,” said the TomaTech research team.

For more information:
TomaTech
+39 351 7614 587
www.tomatech.it

Publication date: Wed 17 Mar 2021
© HortiDaily.com

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India: High yielding triple disease resistant tomato F1 hybrid

Posted in Bacteria, Host plant resistance, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Viruses on December 21, 2017| Leave a Comment »

ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research

Arka Rakshak: High yielding triple disease resistant tomato F1 hybrid with export potential

Submitted by admin on Tue, 08/22/2017 – 16:02

Arka Rakshak: High yielding triple disease resistant tomato F1 hybrid with export potential Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second most important vegetable crop in India next only to potato. In India, it is cultivated over an area of 8.79 lakh hectares with a production of 182.26 lakh tonnes. The average productivity is about 20.7 tonnes per hectare. Andra Pradesh, Odissa, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Chhatishgarh and Gujarat are the major tomato-growing states in India. In recent years the occurrence of major diseases such as Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV), bacterial wilt (BW) and early blight (EB) have become very serious causing considerable yield loss in major tomato growing areas of the country. Due to ToLCV, yield loss has been reported up to 70-100% depending on the stage of attack, bacterial wilt has been reported to cause yield loss up to 70%, where as, early blight has become very serious on foliage and fruits causing yield loss up to 50-60%. DSCF1192 2 Leaf curling due toToLCV Sudden wilting due to BW Scan790 DSC01838 Concentric rings- symptoms on leaf & fruits due to EB Adoption of multiple disease resistant tomato variety / F1 hybrid is the most practical way to combat these serious diseases as no chemical application can effectively control them. Research efforts were carried out for several years at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore and a high yielding tomato F1 hybrid “Arka Rakshak” was bred with triple disease resistance to ToLCV + BW + EB by crossing an advanced breeding line bred at IIHR with another breeding line bred at Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Taiwan. This is the first multiple disease resistant public bred tomato F1 hybrid released for commercial cultivation in the country. Interdisciplinary approach involving a breeder, virologist, bacteriologist, pathologist and molecular biologist was successfully adopted to breed Arka Rakshak . Further efforts are on the way to introgress late blight resistance genes in to Arka Rakshak back ground through Marker Assisted Breeding. Salient Features of Arka Rakshak Arka Rakshak: A High yielding F1 hybrid with triple disease resistance to tomato leaf curl virus, bacterial wilt and early blight. Plants are semi-determinate with dark green foliar cover. Fruits are oblong with light green shoulder. Fruits are medium to large size (80-100g), deep red, very firm with good keeping quality (15-20 days) and long transportability. Bred for both fresh market and processing. Suitable for summer, kharif and rabi seasons. Yields 90-100 tons per hectare in 140-150 days. Arka Rakshak- High yielding triple disease resistant F1 hybrid with excellent fruit quality attributes Updated on 01.08.2014

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Whitefly and viruses damage vegetables in Georgia, USA

Posted in Insects, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Viruses on October 5, 2017| Leave a Comment »

SE farm press

 

crumplevirus UGA CAES
Cucurbit leaf crumple virus, a disease carried by whiteflies, infects vegetable plants like squash.
Crops>Vegetables

Whitefly influx puts hurt on Georgia vegetables

High populations of whiteflies over the past few years had a tremendous impact on Georgia’s vegetable crops in both the spring and the fall.

Julie Jernigan | Oct 03, 2017

Summer may have ended, but Georgia’s silverleaf whitefly infestation has not.

Timothy Coolong, University of Georgia Cooperative Extension vegetable specialist, researches whitefly management in an effort to prevent the pest from infecting Georgia’s vegetable crops with viral diseases, like cucurbit leaf crumple virus and tomato yellow leaf curl virus.

 High populations of whiteflies over the past few years had a tremendous impact on Georgia’s vegetable crops in both the spring and the fall, said Coolong, who is part of a team of plant pathologists and entomologists that studies different fertilizer treatments, plant growth regulators and insecticides to control the influx of whiteflies.

Whiteflies are found on vegetable plants, like yellow squash, zucchini and green beans. Last fall, Georgia vegetable growers lost 40 to 50 percent of their yellow squash production. Green bean growers saw similar production losses due to the cucurbit leaf crumple virus, a disease carried by whiteflies.

Also known as “Aleyrodidae,” whiteflies are tiny, winged insects often found on the underside of leaves. They leave behind a tacky substance called “honeydew” that prevents plants from carrying out photosynthesis and causes fungal infections.Coolong and other scientists on the team tested several treatments on yellow squash and zucchini in an attempt to make the plants grow fast enough to tolerate the virus, which might prevent whiteflies from swarming. One application focuses on high fertilizer rates and another uses gibberellic acid to promote foliar development early in the growing process.

“Researching different control methods for whiteflies is important, not only because of the direct damage they can do to crops, but to stop the viruses that they can spread,” Coolong said.

Early control is key to prevention of the viruses spread by whiteflies. Farmers must proceed with caution in working on some of the most susceptible crops because of the losses that have been sustained the past two years, according to Coolong.

“Squash alone is close to a $60 million industry (in Georgia). We suffered significant losses in the fall of 2016 and are seeing losses again this fall. Growers need to have a plan for management before the seed emerges or a plant comes out of the greenhouse,” Coolong said. “Whiteflies can be very devastating.”

Whiteflies thrive in warm, humid climates, and they reproduce quickly. The warmer-than-normal winter that Georgia experienced last year helped whitefly populations multiply. In normal years, Coolong recommends using insecticides as a management tool. Given the current conditions in Georgia, he warns growers that they may not completely wipe out the whitefly population with insecticides alone.

“In a normal year, insecticides would be very effective, but this year the whitefly population is high,” Coolong said. “Even if a product works and kills 90 percent of the population in a field, they will return because of how fast they can reproduce, and all the plants surrounding those fields serve as hosts for the whitefly.”

TAGS: Crop Disease Insects Insecticide

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Spain: Disease and nematode resistance in tomato varieties

Posted in Host plant resistance, Plant Pathogens, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV on May 30, 2016| Leave a Comment »

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Plants can ‘switch off’ virus DNA

Posted in Crop protection, Research, RNA, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV, Uncategorized, Viruses, Weeds, tagged , , , , on August 26, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Phys.Org

Aug 22,2014

http://phys.org/news/2014-08-virus-dna.html

dnaplantscanswi

A team of virologists and plant geneticists at Wageningen UR has demonstrated that when tomato plants contain Ty-1 resistance to the important Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), parts of the virus DNA (the genome) become hyper-methylated, the result being that virus replication and transcription is inhibited. The team has also shown that this resistance has its Achilles heel: if a plant is simultaneously infected with another important (RNA) virus, the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), the resistance mechanism is compromised.

Antiviral defence via RNAi
Plant defence to viruses usually depends on RNA interference (RNAi). The genetic material of many viruses consists of RNA. A complex process in the plant causes the virus RNA to be chopped up into pieces, which means the virus can no longer multiply. In contrast to most other disease-causing plant viruses, the genetic material in TYLCV is DNA, not RNA. Therefore antiviral RNAi defence to these viruses has to happen somewhat different.

TYLCV is one of the most economically important plant viruses in the world; for this virus a number of resistance genes (Ty-1 to Ty-6) are available to commercial plant breeders. In 2013 the researchers in Wageningen succeeded in identifying and cloning the Ty-1 gene, which happened to present a member from an important class of RNAi-pathway genes. This led to a publication in PLoS Genetics. Their recent publication in the journal PNAS shows that although Ty-1 resistance depends on RNAi, instead of the genetic material being chopped up, it is being ‘blocked’ by methylation of the virus DNA.

No cross protection
A well-known phenomenon in the plant world is the ‘immunisation’ of plants by infecting them with relatively harmless viruses. The latter ensures that the defence mechanisms in plants are activated and provide ‘cross protection’ against more harmful, related viruses.

To their great surprise, the Wageningen researchers discovered that infection with CMV, a virus that contains RNA as genetic material and that, as a result, is not affected by the Ty-1 resistance mechanism, actually compromised resistance to the TYLCV virus. According to the researchers, this is a warning to plant breeders. The use of the Ty-1 gene does provide resistance, but the mechanism will be at risk in plants grown in greenhouses and fields if the plants are attacked by various other types of viruses.

Explore further: Virus rounds up enzymes, disarms plant
More information: Patrick Butterbach, Maarten G. Verlaan, Annette Dullemans, Dick Lohuis, Richard G. F. Visser, Yuling Bai, and Richard Kormelink. “Tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance by Ty-1 involves increased cytosine methylation of viral genomes and is compromised by cucumber mosaic virus infection.” PNAS 2014 ; published ahead of print August 18, 2014, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1400894111
Journal reference: PLoS Genetics Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Provided by Wageningen University

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2014-08-virus-dna.html#jCp

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