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Gagnoa : pourquoi la production du café a-t-elle baissé ?

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<img src="https://voiedefemme.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/hueco-mountain-hut-coffee-beans-1280×540-1-1170×540.jpg&quot; alt="Gagnoa : pourquoi la production du café a-t-elle baissé ?” width=”1170″ height=”540″>

Ph: DR

Publié le 6 février, 2023

À l’indépendance, la production nationale de la Côte d’Ivoire en café était de 185.000 tonnes. Dans les années 1980, la production est passée à 320.000 tonnes. Ce qui faisait de notre pays, le 1er producteur de café en Afrique. Au début des années 2000, la production a commencé à baisser pour atteindre 120.000 tonnes. Depuis 2020, la barre de production est en dessous de 80.000 tonnes. Faisant perdre à la Côte d’Ivoire, la 1ere place Africaine pour se retrouver au 4e rang. Derrière l’Ethiopie, l’Ouganda, et la Tanzanie. Dans le classement mondial, la Côte d’Ivoire occupe la 17e place. Pourquoi cette baisse de production ?

L’importance du café dans l’économie de la Côte d’Ivoire n’est plus à démontrer. Toutefois, cette culture rencontre de nombreuses difficultés telles que le vieillissement du verger, l’action néfaste des insectes ravageurs, les effets du changement climatique. Mais surtout la trachéomycose, une maladie qu’on qualifie de « Sida du café ». 

État des lieux

Selon le Centre national de recherche agronomique (Cnra), trachéomycose a fait son apparition en Côte d’Ivoire dans les années 1930-1950, détruisant de nombreuses plantations agricoles. A cette époque-là, le colonisateur a trouvé comme solution d’introduire de nouvelles variétés de café plus résistantes. C’est ainsi que le café robusta a fait son apparition dans l’univers agricole ivoirien. Plus d’un demi-siècle après, revoilà la trachéomycose.  On la retrouve dans toutes les zones productrices du café du territoire national. 

café

Une enquête menée l’an dernier par le Cnra révèle qu’à Gagnoa, 14,2% du verger est atteint par la trachéomycose, sur 169 parcelles visitées. Dans la sous-préfecture de Guépaho, dans le département d’Oumé, vers les années 2000, on avait 16000 hectares de café, contre 5000 hectares aujourd’hui. Dans la région du haut Sassandra par exemple, le taux de contamination du verger est estimé à 50%.

Lire aussi : Côte d’Ivoire : les problèmes qui bloquent la bonne qualité du cacao

Vers l’abandon du café ?

« La maladie a fait beaucoup de ravage, si bien que le café est en voie de disparition », fait remarquer un agent de l’Anader. Parmi les planteurs qui ont tourné le dos à la caféiculture, se trouve N’goran Clément. Il y a une vingtaine d’année qu’il a hérité de la plantation de café de son défunt père, à Danielkro. Un campement Baoulé dans la sous-préfecture de Seriho, dans le département de Gagnoa. « Quand la maladie s’est déclarée dans mon champ de café, la production a chuté, mes gains ont commencé à baisser. Je n’avais plus qu’à laisser tomber le café pour le cacao », a-t-il expliqué, le paysan, les raisons de sa reconversion dans la culture du cacao. 

« Je dis aux planteurs de café de ne pas désespérer. Les scientifiques travaillent sur cette maladie. Nous allons leur apporter les techniques afin qu’ils puissent arriver à bout de la maladie. Ils peuvent garder espoir parce que le café vivra encore en Côte d’Ivoire », a exhorté Koffi Sara. 

Tout est en train d’être mis en œuvre pour que la culture du café retrouve ses lettres de noblesse. 

café
Ph: DR

Solutions

« Compte tenu des perturbations climatiques, liées à la longueur des sécheresses, il faut développer des techniques qui permettent d’économiser l’eau du sol pour la mettre à la disposition de la plante afin qu’elle survive », renseigne un agronome. Il a passé en revue les différentes techniques de conservation de l’eau, telle que l’irrigation, l’hydro-détenteur et le paillage. 

« L’irrigation est très chère pour le petit producteur », a fait savoir le formateur. « Il y a aussi d’autres techniques comme l’utilisation des hydro-détenteurs qui sont des granulés qui captent l’eau pendant la pluie et, en saison sèche, rétrocède cette eau à la plante. Cette technique est facile pour le producteur », fait-il savoir. Toutefois, l’agronome conseille la pratique du paillage. Elle consiste à mettre des débris végétaux autours du pied du caféier. Ce qui permettra à la plante de conserver l’eau du sol. Comment faire le paillage ? Pourquoi le faire ? A quel moment le faire ? Voilà autant d’exercices pratiques qu’il faut maitriser pour garder sa plante en bonne santé. 

Lire aussi : Côte d’Ivoire – Filière café cacao : pourquoi les banques hésitent à financer les coopératives

Alain Doua

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Ninth International Conference on Management of the Diamondback Moth and Other Crucifer Insect Pests

Photo by Dr. Srinivasan Ramasamy

The Ninth International Conference on Management of the Diamondback Moth and other Crucifer Insect Pests will be organized by the World Vegetable Center in association with Royal University of Agriculture (RUA) in Cambodia and Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute (TACTRI). The conference will be held during May 2-5, 2023 at Phnom Penh, Cambodia. About 100 – 150 researchers worldwide are expected to participate and present research papers. The conference is designed to provide a common forum for the researchers to share their findings in bio-ecology of insect pests, host plant resistance, biological control, pesticides and insect resistance management on crucifer crops and integrated pest management. As with previous workshops / conference, a comprehensive publication of the proceedings will be published.

Scientific Sessions

  1. Diamondback moth and other crucifer pests: The global challenge in a changing climate
  2. Biology, ecology and behavior of diamondback moth and other crucifer pests: What’s new?
  3. Insect plant interactions, host plant resistance and chemical ecology of crucifer pests and their natural enemies
  4. Insecticide resistance and management in crucifer pests: the on-going challenge 
  5. Biological and non-chemical methods of management of crucifer pests (including organic agriculture) 
  6. Genetic approaches to manage crucifer pests: transgenic plants, CRISPR, RNAi, and genetic pest management
  7. Constraints and opportunities to the sustained adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) for the management of DBM and other crucifer pests
Photo by Dr. Subramanian Sevgan

Photo by Dr. Subramanian Sevgan
Photo by Dr. Subramanian Sevgan

Photo by Dr. Subramanian Sevgan

Details

CALL FOR ABSTRACTS / PAPERS

  • 6 February – 31 March 2023

REGISTRATION

REGISTRATION FEE

  • Scientists (Outside Cambodia USD 400)
  • Scientists (From Cambodia USD 200)
  • Students (USD 200)
  • Accompanying person (USD 200)

ABSTRACT SUBMISSION

Scientific Committee

Dr. SRINIVASAN RAMASAMY

World Vegetable Center, Taiwan

Dr. PAOLA SOTELO-CARDONA

World Vegetable Center, Taiwan

Dr. Li-Hsin Huang

Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals andToxic Substances Research Institute, Taiwan

Dr. THO KIM EANG

Royal University of Agriculture, Cambodia

Dr. MYRON P. ZALUCKI

University of Queensland, Australia

Dr. MICHAEL FURLONG

University of Queensland, Australia

Dr. ZHENYU LI

Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Dr. SUBRAMANIAN SEVGAN

International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya

Dr. HUGH A. SMITH

University of Florida, USA

Dr. FRANCISCO RUBEN BADENES PEREZ

Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Spain

CONTACT

Dr. SRINIVASAN RAMASAMY

Flagship Program Leader for Safe and Sustainable Value Chains & Lead Entomologist

World Vegetable Center, Shanhua, Tainan 74151, Taiwan

Tel: +886-6-5837801

Fax: +886-6-5830009

E-mail: srini.ramasamy@worldveg.org 

Dr. PAOLA SOTELO-CARDONA

Scientist (Entomology)

World Vegetable Center, Shanhua, Tainan 74151, Taiwan

Tel: +886-6-5837801

Fax: +886-6-5830009

E-mail: paola.sotelo@worldveg.org 

BACKGROUND

Photo by Dr. Christian Ulrichs

Cruciferous crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, mustard, radish, and several leafy greens are economically important vegetables vital for human health. These nutritious vegetables provide much-needed vitamins and minerals to the human diet—especially vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, folic acid, and dietary fiber. Crucifers also are capable of preventing different types of cancer.

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is the most serious crucifer pest worldwide. In addition, head caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana), web worm (Hellula undalis), butterflies (Pieris spp.), flea beetle (Phyllotreta spp.) and aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, Myzus persicae) also cause significant yield losses in crucifers. Farmers prefer to use chemical pesticides for controlling this pest because they have an immediate knock-down effect and are easily available when needed in local markets. Pesticides constitute a major share in the total production cost of crucifer crops, accounting for about one-third to half of the cost of production of major crucifer crops in Asia, for instance. As a result, pest resistance to insecticides is on the rise, leading farmers to spray even more pesticides. Insecticide resistance, environmental degradation, human health impacts, resource loss and economic concerns have triggered a growing interest in integrated pest management (IPM).

Previous International Workshop / Conference(s) on Management of the Diamondback Moth and other Crucifer Insect Pests

Photo by Dr. Srinivasan Ramasamy

The International Working Group on DBM and other Crucifer Insects is an informal group of researchers worldwide who are actively engaged in research and development in crucifer pest management.

This research group participates in an international workshop on the management of DBM and other crucifer insect pests that occurs every five to six years.

The first and second workshops were organized by Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC) in Taiwan in 1985 and 1990.

The third workshop was organized by the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute in Kuala Lumpur in 1996.

The fourth workshop was organized in Australia in 2001 and the fifth workshop was organized by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Beijing in 2006.

The sixth workshop was organized by AVRDC – the World Vegetable Center in Thailand in 2011 and the seventh workshop was organized by the University Agricultural Sciences Bangalore in 2015.

The eighth International Conference on Management of the Diamondback Moth and other Crucifer Insect Pests was organized by the World Vegetable Center in Taiwan in 2019.

Additional details and proceedings of these workshops / conference can be found at https://avrdc.org/diamondback-moth-working-group/

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World Vegetable Center
P.O. Box 42
Shanhua, Tainan, Taiwan 74151

Phone: +886-6-583-7801

Email: info@worldveg.org

Web: avrdc.org

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XX INTERNATIONAL

PLANT PROTECTION CONGRESS

ATHENS, GREECE, 1-5 July, 2024

Members of the local organizing and scientific committee

Kickoff of XX IPPC ATHENS, 1-5 July, 2024

25 November, 2022

Local organizing and scientific committee (LOSC)

In 25 November, 2022, the kickoff meeting of the Local organizing and scientific committee (LOSC) took place at the Agricultural University of Athens (AUA)

Members of the local organizing and scientific committee (LOSC) with  the Chair of XX IPPCAthens2024, Prof. Eris Tjamos, the Vise Rector of AUA I. Chatzipavlidis, the Ex-Vise Rector of AUA Prof. E. Paplomatas and the Member of the Board of the Directors of AUA Prof. D. Tsitsigiannis attended virtually or via a zoom platform the new kick off meeting of the LOSC, which took place at the Agricultural University of Athens. 

The LOSC discussed various organizational matters and exchanged ideas on the scientific programm. The proposals on Plenary and Concurrent Sessions, worked out by several subcommittees during the year, have been already finalized, after taking into account all the proposed suggestions by IAPPS Board members and the members of the Greek organizing and scientific committee.

The proposals were submitted to the IAPPS BOARD for its final evaluation and further instructions.

Prof. Eris Tjamos is in close contact with the General Secretary of IAPPS Prof. Elvis Heinrichs, for continuous consultation and exchange of ideas on various organizational matters of the Congress.

Eris Tjamos,

Chair 

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NOVEMBER 3, 2022

Study proposes measures to strengthen Burundi’s plant health system

by CABI

<img src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2022/study-proposes-measure.jpg&quot; alt="Study proposes measures to strengthen Burundi’s plant health system" title="Interactions among stakeholders in the plant health system of Burundi identified by 68 participants involved in three workshops. Credit: <i>Sustainability
Interactions among stakeholders in the plant health system of Burundi identified by 68 participants involved in three workshops. Credit: Sustainability (2022). DOI: 10.3390/su142114293

A CABI-led study has proposed seven key steps which should be taken to strengthen Burundi’s plant health system (PHS) and in doing so help improve the country’s food security and ability to tap into valuable export markets.

The research, published in the journal Sustainability, found that Burundi’s PHS at the time an assessment was carried out demonstrated inadequate skills to serve farmers and insufficient capacity to diagnose crop pests which can affect yields and livelihoods.

The study was also conducted together with colleagues from the Institut des Sciences Agronomiques du Burundi (ISABU).

Interventions proposed

Seven broad interventions have been proposed to help quickly strengthen the PHS of Burundi and include linking plant health policies, processes, planning and budgeting to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—particularly SDG2: Zero Hunger.

Other recommendations include the provision of sufficient plant health equipment and infrastructure and the supply of good-quality, affordable pest control products, diagnostic tools and other agricultural inputs.

Agriculture in Burundi employs 84% of the working population, provides 95% of the food supply and contributes nearly 40% towards the country’s gross domestic product. It also accounts for more than 90% of foreign exchange earnings and is the leading supplier of raw materials for the agro industry.

However, agricultural productivity in Burundi is hampered by several issues including crop pests and diseases, occasional droughts and floods, limited cash for inputs such as fertilizers and plant protection products, and inefficient use of water resources.

It is also impeded by land fragmentation, lack of cash and credit facilities among smallholder farmers and limited access to research and extension services.

Plantwise support

To respond to the challenges impeding agricultural productivity in Burundi, CABI introduced the Plantwise program.

Plantwise has already trained more than 100 plant doctors who are providing high-quality advice to farmers in around 50 plant clinics. They are particularly helping farmers by correctly diagnosing their plant health problems and recommending how to efficiently manage these more effectively.

Farmers from other Plantwise countries have benefitted from an up to 30% increase in crop production. The ambition is to have similar impact in Burundi.

Burundi’s Ministry of the Environment, Agriculture and Livestock (MINEAGRIE) aims to build the capacity of at least 300 out of the 1,000 existing commune agricultural extensions workers as plant doctors within the next three years.

Dr. Willis Ochilo, a lead author of the research, says that “functional plant health systems have been integral in mitigating the movement of non-native organisms, pests, and diseases within and between countries through trade.”

“However, in some countries, including Burundi, practitioners know little about the plant health system and other support systems which are part and parcel of the country’s ability to produce sufficient food for its people and for potential export.

“The understanding we now have of Burundi’s plant health system will help in the planning and implementation of measures to also improve its regional economic and environmental stability as well as its trading relationship with other countries.”

More information: Willis Ndeda Ochilo et al, Assessing the Plant Health System of Burundi: What It Is, Who Matters and Why, Sustainability (2022). DOI: 10.3390/su142114293

Provided by CABI


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